Who established a clinical trials registry for trials conducted in the European Union?

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is the correct choice because it plays a critical role in the regulation of medicines and health-related products in the European Union. The EMA established a clinical trials registry known as ClinicalTrials.eu, which aims to promote transparency and accessibility to information regarding clinical trials conducted within Europe. This initiative is part of the broader effort to enhance the safety and efficacy of medicinal products by ensuring that clinical trial data is publicly available and can be used by healthcare professionals, patients, and researchers.

The World Health Organization (WHO) and other agencies like the FDA and NIH also have initiatives related to clinical trials; however, they do not specifically manage the registry for trials conducted exclusively in the European Union. The WHO runs the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), which aims to ensure that all clinical trials are registered worldwide. In contrast, the FDA focuses primarily on the regulation of clinical trials within the United States, while the NIH also oversees trials and funding primarily in the U.S. context. Therefore, the EMA is the appropriate authority for EU clinical trials specifically.